War and Manifestations of Cultural Trauma in the Works of Cypriot Composer Solon Michaelides
Keywords:
national identity, cultural trauma, Cyprus, music representation, Solon MichaelidesAbstract
The paper investigates, through the prism of cultural trauma theories of Jeffrey C. Alexander and other scholars, the case of Cypriot composer Solon Michaelides (1905–1979) and his creative responses to the Turkish military invasion of the northern part of Cyprus in 1974. The resulting trauma from the shock caused by the war is engrained in the composer’s creative oeuvre, since several of his compositions, including the Hymn and Lament for Cyprus and My Kyrenia, became a part of the cultural trauma narration.
References
Alexander, Jeffrey C. 2004. “Toward a Theory of Cultural Trauma.” In Cultural Trauma and Collective Identity, edited by Jeffrey C. Alexander, Ron Eyerman, Bernhard Giesen, Neil J. Smelser, and Piotr Sztompka, 1–31. California: University of California Press.
Demetriou, Nicoletta, Vasilis Kallis, Katy Romanou, and Kenneth Owen Smith. 2015. “Cyprus.” Grove Music Online. Accessed 4 March 2024. https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-0000040747
Eyerman, Ron. 2001. Cultural Trauma: Slavery and the Formation of African American Identity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Hasikou, Anastasia. 2015. “The Emergence of European Music.” In Music in Cyprus, edited by Jim Samson, and Nicoletta Demetriou, 103–128. London: Routledge.
Kallis, Vasilis. 2014. “Michaelides, Solon.” Grove Music Online. Accessed 8 May 2024. https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-0000018581
Kallis, Vasilis. 2015. “Compositional Histories.” In Music in Cyprus, edited by Jim Samson, and Nicoletta Demetriou, 129–148. London: Routledge.
Lidskog, Rolf. 2017. “The role of music in ethnic identity formation in diaspora: A research review.” International Social Science Journal 66 (219–220): 23–38. https://doi.org/10.1111/issj.12091
Mehnert, Taylorlyn N. 2021. “The Role of Music in the Trauma Narrative and ‘Storytelling:’ Perspectives of Clinicians.” Master Thesis, University of Western Michigan.
Meinhart, Michelle, and Jillian C. Rogers. 2023. “Theorizing Trauma and Music in the Long Nineteenth Century.” Nineteenth-Century Music Review 20 (1): 3–32. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1479409822000039
Michaelides, Solon. 1975. Hymn and Lament for Cyprus, for baritone (or mezzo), mixed choir and piano. Solon Michaelides Archive. Cyprus University of Technology Library Archives, Limassol, Cyprus. Item 1.41.1. Accessed 8 May 2004. https://helates.cut.ac.cy/index.php/befgg
Michaelides, Solon. 1976. Text on Kyrenia. Solon Michaelides Archive. Cyprus University of Technology Library Archives, Limassol, Cyprus. Item 4.2. Accessed 8 May 2004. https://helates.cut.ac.cy/index.php/1-277?sf_culture=el
Ministry of Foreign Affairs. n.d. “The Cyprus Question.” Accessed 23 April 2024. https://mfa.gov.cy/turkish-military-invasion-and-occupation.html
Neal, Arthur G. 2005. National Trauma and Collective Memory. Taylor and Francis. Kindle Edition.
Panagiotou, Nicos, ed. 1985. I mousiki stin Kypro ton Kairo tis Anglokratias. Nicosia: Educational Service of the Ministry of Education. / Παναγιώτου, Νίκος. 1985. Η Μουσική στην Κύπρο τον καιρό της Αγγλοκρατίας. Nicosia: Educational Service of the Ministry of Education.
Lamari Papadopoulou, Elena. 1994. Sólon Mikhailídis: I zí kai to érgo tou. Nicosia: Cyprus Ministry of Education and Culture. / Λάμαρη Παπαδοπούλου, Έλενα. 1994. Σόλων Μιχαηλίδης: Η ζωή και το έργο του. Nicosia: Cyprus Ministry of Education and Culture.
Priggos, Constantinos. n.d. “I kírii íkhi tis Vizantinís Mousikís.” / Πρίγγος, Κωνσταντίνος. n.d. “Οι κύριοι ήχοι της Βυζαντινής Μουσικής.” Accessed 28 April 2024. https://byzantine-music.apostoliki-diakonia.gr/ymnografoi/ymnografoi.asp?main=hxoi.htm
Romanou, Katy. 2003. “Westernization of Greek Music.” Zbornik Matice Srpske za scenske umetnosti i muziku [Matica Srpska Journal of Stage Arts and Music] 28–29: 93–105.
Skordi, Maro et al. 2005. Music in Cyprus. Nicosia: Cultural Services of the Ministry of Education and Culture.
Smith, Kenneth Owen. 2015. “The Organizational Field of Art Music.” In Music in Cyprus, edited by Jim Samson, and Nicoletta Demetriou, 149–175. London: Routledge.
Smelser, Neil J. 2004. “Psychological Trauma and Cultural Trauma.” In Cultural Trauma and Collective Identity, edited by Jeffrey C. Alexander, Ron Eyerman, Bernhard Giesen, Neil J. Smelser, and Piotr Sztompka, 31–60. California: University of California Press.
Solon Michaelides Archive. n.d. Cyprus University of Technology Library Archives, Limassol, Cyprus. Accessed 23 April, 2004. https://helates.cut.ac.cy/index.php/s3u60
Turino, Thomas. 2008. Music as social life. The politics of Participation. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Välimäki, Susanna. 2015. “Musical representation of war, genocide, and torture: Treating cultural trauma with music.” Acta Translatologica Helsingiensia 3: 122–136. https://helda.helsinki.fi/handle/10138/135533
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 MUZIKOLOGIJA-MUSICOLOGY
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 Unported License.
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format.
The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
-
Ауторство — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made.
You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use. -
Некомерцијално — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.
-
NoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.